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A Treaty is an express agreement under international law expressing the willingness of parties to assume obligations thereunder and to be held liable for any failure to comply with same. Parties to a treaty could be Sovereign States and International Organizations or between States. Treaties may be bilateral or multilateral depending on the number of parties to the agreement.
A Bilateral Treaty is a treaty concluded between two parties. It may be between two State Parties, two International Organizations or between one State Party and an International Organization. For example, a Bilateral Investment Treaty between Nigeria and China establishing the rights and obligations of both countries under it would be an example of such bilateral treaty.
A Multilateral Treaty on the other hand establishes the rights and obligations of several state parties or International Organizations who are a party to it. An example is the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea which defines the rights and obligations in their use of the world's oceans, establishing guidelines for businesses, the environment, and the management of marine natural resources.
Nigeria, as a sovereign state has the full competence to enter into legally binding multilateral and bilateral obligations having been admitted as the 99th member of the United Nations on the 7th of October, 1960. The country is a party to several multilateral agreements at the global and regional levels as well as some bilateral agreements with individual nations or international/regional bodies.
NIGERIA’S TREATIES LIST AND THEIR DATES OF ADHERENCE
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S/N
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TREATIES
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DATE OF ADHERENCE OR RATIFICATION
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1
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International Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination, March 1966
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Monday, October 16, 1967
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2
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Convention on psychotropic substances February 1971
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Tuesday, June 23, 1981
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3
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Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961, as amended by the Protocol amending the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, 1961
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Wednesday, June 24, 1981
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4
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Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons Which May be Deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to Have Indiscriminate Effects, October 1980.
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Tuesday, January 26, 1982
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5
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Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination Against women, December 1979
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Saturday, July 13, 1985
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6
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Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer September 1987
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Monday, October 31, 1988
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7
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Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer, March 1985
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Monday, October 31, 1988
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8
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United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances ,December 1988
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Wednesday, November 01, 1989
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9
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Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal March 1989
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Wednesday, March 13, 1991
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10
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Convention on the Rights of the Child , December 1989
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Friday, April 19, 1991
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11
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International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, December 1966
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Thursday, July 29, 1993
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12
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International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, December 1966
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Friday, July 30, 1993
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13
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Convention on Biological Diversity, June 1992
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Monday, August 29, 1994
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14
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United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, May 1992
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Monday, August 29, 1994
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15
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Convention on the prohibition of the development, production, stockpiling and use of chemical weapons and on their destruction, September 1992.
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Thursday, May 20, 1999
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16
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Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, December 1984
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Thursday, June 28, 2001
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17
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United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime , November 2000
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Thursday, June 28, 2001
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18
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Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction September 1997.
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Thursday, September 27, 2001
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19
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International Convention for the Suppression of the Financing of Terrorism December 1999
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Monday, June 16, 2003
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20
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Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety to the Convention on Biological Diversity, January 2000
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Tuesday, July 15, 2003
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21
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Convention for the Suppression of the Traffic in Persons and of the Exploitation of the Prostitution of Others, March 1950
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Thursday, September 25, 2003
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22
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Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, December 1997
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Friday, December 10, 2004
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23
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United Nations Convention against Corruption, October 2003
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Tuesday, December 14, 2004
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24
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International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, December 1990
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Monday, July 27, 2009
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25
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International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, December 2006.
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Monday, July 27, 2009
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26
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Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, December 2006.
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Friday, September 24, 2010
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27
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Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons, September 1954.
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Tuesday, September 20, 2011
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28
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Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness August 1961.
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Tuesday, September 20, 2011
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| 29 |
Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees, July 1951. |
Monday, October 23, 1967 |
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